Network infrastructure — service detail

Router and Switch Configuration

Device settings belong in a repository, not in somebody's memory. Once every change is visible, justified and reversible, network management stops being guesswork.

Done Dynamics works on router configuration and switch configuration, VLAN segmentation, multi-link management, firmware planning and the takeover of undocumented networks. One principle sits at the centre of how we work: configuration is code. What lives on the device is not the only copy — the repository holds the reference; every change is recorded with its diff and its reason, and a bad rule is reverted in minutes. This principle works the same way in a small office and in a ten-location business. On site around Alanya and Antalya, remotely across Turkey.

Core principle

Configuration is code

In most organisations, network device settings live in the device memory and in the heads of a couple of people. When that person leaves or the device fails, the knowledge goes with it. This problem was solved on the software side years ago, and the same solution applies to networks.

Configuration lives in a repository

Every device configuration is kept in a version-controlled repository. What sits on the device is not the only copy; the repository holds the reference. If a device burns out, the configuration does not go with it — the same file is written to its replacement.

The before-and-after diff is visible

When a rule is added, exactly what changed is visible line by line. This ends the arguments: was the device touched, what changed, who did it — all of it stays on record. Network management that relies on spoken memory stops working past a certain size.

A bad rule is reverted in minutes

A single mistyped access rule can take internet away from an entire floor. With the previous version sitting in the repository, rollback does not wait for anyone to diagnose the mistake. The old state is restored first, service returns, and the cause is examined afterwards.

Every change is recorded with a reason

The reason is written next to the record: which request, who asked, what date. Being able to answer why a rule exists a year later is the precondition for ever simplifying the rule set. Rules without a stated reason are never removed, because nobody dares remove them.

Change window and rollback plan

Routing or VLAN changes carry outage risk. Before every planned change a backup is taken, and both the steps to apply and the steps to revert are written in advance. If the work does not finish inside the window, the written rollback plan decides what happens next — not a discussion.

Drift detection

The live configuration on the device is compared periodically against the repository. A difference means somebody touched the device by hand and did not record it. This audit is the only practical way to stop a network from quietly becoming undocumented again.

Where this approach pays off most visibly is during an incident. When the network slows down or a department loses internet, the first question is always the same: what changed yesterday? Without version-controlled configuration there is no answer; everyone reports what they remember, and fault finding turns into guesswork. With a repository, the answer takes thirty seconds: the last change was made at this time, this line was added, and here is the reason.

The second payoff comes at hardware replacement. Swapping in a new switch for one that burned out is a multi-day rediscovery exercise if you do not hold its configuration. With the file in the repository, the same job takes half an hour. The same applies at a new branch opening: with role-based templates, the new location is not designed from scratch but produced from a pattern.

Router side

The layer that decides where traffic goes

Routing, multiple links and prioritisation. Get these three right and users never notice the network exists.

Routing table

Which destination leaves through which interface. In small networks static entries are sufficient and easy to read. As the number of locations and subnets grows, a hand-written table becomes error prone; at that threshold we move to dynamic routing so adding a new subnet does not mean touching every device individually.

Static versus dynamic routing

Dynamic routing adapts automatically, but a bad configuration propagates the fault automatically too. Our decision point: if location count and rate of change are low, routing stays static and documented; where there are redundant links and many subnets, dynamic routing goes in with strict limits on what is advertised where.

Multiple links and WAN failover

Plugging in two internet lines is not redundancy; until failover rules are written, the second line simply sits idle. Whether a link works is measured by reachability to a real target — an interface showing physically up is not enough, because the modem can be up while the internet is gone. Failover timing and fallback behaviour are stated explicitly in the configuration.

Load sharing

Using two links together rather than as spare is possible, but not every application tolerates it. A session that changes link mid-flight drops. So we build load sharing per session, and pin sensitive destinations such as banking and accounting to a fixed link.

QoS and traffic prioritisation

Who goes first when the link is full. Voice calls and point-of-sale transactions are latency sensitive; backups and update downloads are not. Without prioritisation, one large download ruins telephony for the whole office. This is the cheapest performance gain available without upgrading the link.

NAT and port forwarding hygiene

Every port opened outward stands with a written reason beside it. Forwards accumulated over the years, whose purpose nobody remembers, are the quietest risk item in a network. On inherited networks, one of the first things we do is extract this list and match every line to an owner.

Switch side

Where the local network is actually built

A large share of network problems originate not at the router but in the switching layer: a wrong trunk setting, aggregation configured on one side only, an accidental loop, or an exceeded PoE budget. Getting this layer right makes every later diagnosis easier.

  • VLANs and trunking

    Guest, staff, camera, point-of-sale and server traffic separated into their own VLANs. Without separation, a device on the guest network can reach the camera recording server. Traffic between switches travels over trunk ports; which VLANs are permitted on which trunk is restricted, and the allow-everything default is never left in place.

  • Link aggregation (LACP)

    Running several cables between two switches, or to a server, and using them as one logical link. Bandwidth rises and the connection survives a single cable failure. The configuration must match at both ends; aggregation configured on one side only produces a loop.

  • Spanning tree and loop prevention

    The classic event that stops a network dead: two ports patched into the same switch. Once a loop forms, broadcast traffic multiplies and the network locks up within seconds. Spanning tree prevents this, but left at defaults the root device is chosen arbitrarily; we pin the root ourselves and enable loop protection on edge ports.

  • Port security

    What a device plugged into the spare socket in the meeting room can do. Unused ports shut down, device count and identity limits on active ports, port-based authentication in sensitive areas. Not handing the entire network to anyone with physical access is a decision made during deployment, not afterwards.

  • PoE budget

    Cameras, access points and IP phones draw power from the switch. If total draw exceeds the switch PoE budget, devices start dropping one by one and the cause goes unfound for weeks. During deployment the power class per device is summed, the budget is calculated, and headroom is left for growth.

  • Broadcast domain and segment size

    When hundreds of devices share one flat network, broadcast traffic creates needless load and fault isolation gets harder. Keeping segments at a sensible size buys both performance and easier diagnosis. The split is decided by the nature of the traffic, not by device count alone.

Device firmware

Not every update goes in immediately

The decision to update a network device is made by reading what the patch fixes — not by the size of the version number.

Not every update goes in immediately

Updating a network device carries a different risk from updating a server: if it goes wrong you cannot fix it remotely, because the path you would use to fix it runs through that very device. So our default is to wait, and our exception is to hurry.

Critical patch versus minor fix

A flaw allowing unauthenticated remote access does not wait; it goes in at the first suitable window, out of hours if necessary. A release fixing a cosmetic interface bug goes on the planned calendar. We make this distinction per release note rather than applying a blanket update-everything or touch-nothing policy.

Update calendar

Planned updates run in windows announced in advance. The order inside each window is fixed: backup first, then a trial on a non-critical device, then the rest. Updating the whole network at once makes rollback impossible the moment something goes wrong.

A separate list for end-of-support devices

Devices whose vendor support has ended are kept on a separate list, and that list is reported to management regularly. These devices will not receive a patch when the next flaw appears; the risk is a budget line, not a technical footnote. Replacement is planned from this list, rather than decided in a hurry the day a device fails.

Backup and rollback

The time it takes to recover is the quality of the backup

A backup is measured not by the existence of a file but by how quickly that file brings a device back up. So we do not just take backups; we exercise the restore procedure regularly and for real.

  • An automatic configuration backup before every change; no device is touched without one, and this rule admits no exceptions.
  • Backups stored somewhere independent of the device itself — a backup that disappears along with the device was never a backup.
  • Bare-metal recovery: minimal access given to a blank device, the repository configuration written to it, and the result verified.
  • Spare hardware kept ready for critical devices, with a baseline configuration already written to it.
  • Licence and activation details stored alongside the configuration; when a device is replaced the real delay usually comes from licensing.
  • Restore procedures actually exercised several times a year. An untested restore procedure is one you run for the first time on the worst possible day.
Standardisation

Devices doing the same job should look the same

In networks where every device was built its own way, maintenance cost grows with variety rather than with device count.

Same role, same template

Floor switches are configured from one template; access points from another, branch routers from another. What is learned on one device applies to the next, incident response speeds up, and adding hardware no longer requires a redesign.

Naming convention

A device name should reveal location, floor and role. On a monitoring screen, the difference between SW-ALY-F2-01 and switch3 is the difference between knowing and not knowing where to go when an alert arrives at midnight. Conventions are set at the start; retrofitting them is painful.

Interface descriptions

Every port carries a note about what is connected to it: which room, which device, which floor. This single habit ends hours of cable tracing in the field. A documented port outlives a physically labelled cable.

Addressing and VLAN numbering scheme

A predictable relationship is established between VLAN numbers and address blocks. Anyone who knows the scheme can look at an address and say which segment of which location it belongs to, without memorising anything. In growing networks this directly lowers the error rate.

Takeover

Taking over an undocumented network

Most networks we inherit look similar: unlabelled cables in the rack, static addresses nobody can explain, port forwards opened years ago and forgotten, and a device or two whose management password has been lost. This picture is rarely anyone's negligence — it comes from a network passing through hands that never met each other over many years.

In the first phase we change nothing. We establish what exists first, because a change made without understanding produces the hardest kind of fault to find. Once mapping is complete, improvement proposals are presented in order of risk and each one is applied in its own planned window.

  • Unlabelled cabling: hundreds of terminations on the patch panel with no record of which room they serve. We map them through port-level discovery and physical verification.
  • Static addresses nobody knows about: assigned by hand years ago and recorded nowhere. Found through network scanning and traffic observation, then added to the inventory.
  • Undocumented VLANs: segments whose purpose has been forgotten. We observe whether traffic exists, and monitor empty ones for a set period before shutting them down.
  • Devices with unknown management passwords: access recovery is applied, or the device is reset in a planned window and rebuilt from the template.
  • Stale port forwards and leftover rules: every line is matched to an owner, and unmatched lines are monitored before being closed.
  • The output is a document set: physical diagram, logical diagram, address plan, device inventory and configuration repository. Takeover ends here, and real management starts.
Process

Five stages from inventory to ongoing management

Documentation comes before deployment; every change made before the map exists is a risk.

  1. 01

    Inventory and Mapping

    Devices, versions, ports, VLANs and addresses are documented. On undocumented networks this is the longest part of the job, and it cannot be skipped.

  2. 02

    Design and Templates

    Role-based configuration templates, naming conventions, VLAN and addressing schemes are written. You hold the documents before deployment begins.

  3. 03

    Implementation

    Changes are applied in a planned window, with a backup taken and rollback steps written down. Every step is committed to the configuration repository.

  4. 04

    Verification

    VLAN separation, failover, aggregation, PoE budget and priority rules are actually tested, and the results are reported.

  5. 05

    Monitoring and Maintenance

    Drift detection, firmware calendar, configuration backup and capacity reporting run as an ongoing service.

Commercial model

Documentation first, improvement second

Quoting improvements on an undocumented network is not honest; without knowing what exists, nobody can say what needs fixing. So we split the work in two: first a fixed-fee inventory and documentation exercise, then a risk-ordered improvement plan built on what it reveals. The output of the documentation phase belongs to you, not to us — the diagrams, the inventory and the configuration repository stay with you. Ongoing management is written as a separate line, because a network without drift detection and a firmware calendar starts quietly losing its documentation from the day it is built.

Frequently asked questions

About router and switch configuration

Are you tied to a particular vendor?

No. Most enterprise-grade routers and switches share the same concepts: VLANs, trunking, aggregation, spanning tree, priority rules. Command syntax differs between vendors; the design decisions do not. We prefer to work with whatever hardware you already own. If new equipment is needed, we hand over the selection criteria in writing — port count, PoE budget, vendor support horizon, management interface — and leave the decision to you. Locking into a single vendor has a cost too, and that is worth discussing up front.

Who keeps the configuration files?

You do. The configuration repository belongs to you, and we hold access to it. If our paths separate at any point, the complete configuration of your network, its change history and its documentation stay with you. We put this in the contract. We do not think a working model that holds configuration hostage is defensible; a provider should earn its value by doing the work well, not by withholding knowledge.

Will there be an outage during changes?

Some changes can be applied without interruption: adding a VLAN, writing descriptions, adjusting monitoring. Others unavoidably cause a short outage: device reboots, trunk reconfiguration, a spanning tree root change. We state in advance which category each planned change falls into and move the disruptive ones into an out-of-hours window. We also give a written duration estimate; if the work does not finish inside the window, the rollback plan takes over.

Is our older hardware supported?

From a configuration standpoint, usually yes — older devices can still be managed and brought under templates. The real question is whether they still receive security patches. A device past vendor end-of-support cannot be updated when a new flaw appears, and that risk cannot be closed by configuration. We keep these devices on a separate list and report the risk they carry along with replacement priorities. Replacing all of them at once is unrealistic for most organisations, so we order the work by risk.

Do you work remotely or on site?

Both. Configuration, monitoring, firmware updates and most fault diagnosis run remotely. Work that requires physical presence is separate: initial installation, cabling and labelling, patch panel tidy-up, hardware replacement and physical mapping. We work on site around Alanya and Antalya; across Turkey we manage remotely and, when hands-on work is needed, proceed through a planned visit or in coordination with a local team.

What is your response time in an emergency?

It is stated in the contract and its scope is agreed beforehand. The distinction we draw is this: an outage affecting an entire location and a problem affecting one user are not equally urgent. During an outage a remote session starts immediately; if the cause is configuration, rollback takes minutes, and if it is a hardware failure, spare equipment and an on-site visit take over. This is why we recommend keeping spare hardware for critical devices — procurement time, not diagnosis, is usually what sets the real response duration.

How does pricing work?

There are three lines. The first is takeover and documentation: inventory, mapping and template authoring. This is one-off and fixed-fee, scoped by how undocumented the current network is. The second is project work: new deployments, segmentation, hardware replacement. Those are quoted separately with a defined scope. The third is ongoing management: drift detection, firmware calendar, configuration backup, monitoring and incident response, billed as a monthly service fee. If hardware is required it appears as a separate item.

Our network has no documentation at all — where do we start?

That is the most common starting point we see, and it is not a problem. The first job is inventory: which device is where, which version it runs, what is connected to which port. Then the logical map: VLANs, address blocks, routing. We change nothing during this phase and only record — because changing what you do not yet understand is the most expensive mistake available. When documentation is finished you hold a diagram, an inventory and a configuration repository. Improvement proposals come after that, ordered by risk.

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Certifications

Our network and cyber security work is carried out by a team holding internationally recognised Cisco certification.

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Cisco CyberOps Associate

Issued by Cisco · Holder: Devrim Tunçer

A certification covering security operations centre (SOC) competency: security monitoring, incident response and analysis of network attacks. It is the foundation we rely on for intrusion detection, log correlation and post-incident response work.

Cisco CCNA Training

expired

Cisco training certificate · completed January 2023

Covers networking fundamentals: routing, switching, IP addressing and network security. The knowledge base we draw on for enterprise network setup and segmentation.